French

The south of France shimmers and delights in the engaging cookbook ‘Niçoise’ — until it doesn’t

By Leslie Brenner

A cookbook starring the delights of France’s “sunniest city” — Nice? Count me in!

That was my thought last summer when I learned that Rosa Jackson, who has run a well known cooking school in Nice for the last 20 years, had published a cookbook. On the cover: a pan bagnat, the juicy sandwich layered with tuna, tomato slices, crunchy vegetables, basil, egg and anchovy that’s a signature in the south of France. Jackson includes a recipe for the roll that gets soaked (pan bagnat means “bathed bread”), so I was even more excited.

On top of it, the inside cover features glowing blurbs from food-world luminaries including Alain Ducasse, David Lebovitz, Molly Stevens and Susan Hermann Loomis.

I dove right in and was instantly charmed — first by Jackson’s delightful introductory essay. Did you know that Niçoise cuisine developed in part by putting its own twists on dishes from Piedmont and Liguria? I didn’t. “Somehow, apart from salade Niçoise and ratatouille,” writes Jackson, “Niçoise cooking has remained a bit of a secret, even in France.” Jan Hendrik van der Westhuizen’s inviting photography helped make the case, irresistibly.

Next I was smitten by a summery Salade de Couscous, couscous salad. You find these all over France, and Jackson gives hers a ratatouille-inspired spin, adding small-diced zucchini, bell peppers and onions to the grains. Raisins, cinnamon and cumin pay respect to North Africa; fresh mint and parsley and lots of lemon add lift. This is so good! I’ve made it several times since. Next time I’ll double the recipe, as it’s terrific just-out of the fridge.

Tian de Courgettes et de Chèvre (zucchini baked with eggs and goat cheese) is somewhere between a frittata and a crustless quiche. The zucchini blossoms topping it are optional.

Jackson’s Tian de Courgettes et de Chevre — zucchini baked with eggs and goat cheese — also got an encore. It’s especially nice when you can find zucchini blossoms, which I couldn’t the first time around.

A recipe for Choux Farcis (stuffed cabbage) in a brilliantly simple tomato sauce was wonderful, too, as was a thick, luscious Flan Pâtissier — vanilla custard tart.

After that, it’s complicated

There are so many good ideas in this book; for instance, I’ll be using that quick-to-make tomato sauce with all kinds of things. Jackson’s aesthetic is utterly appealing and she has a great palate.

But a number of recipes I tested were flops — or would have been, had I not made radical adjustments.

Carré d’Agneau, Croûte aux Herbes (rack of lamb with mustard-herb crust), which we saved from over-roasting

You don’t have to be an expert to know that racks of lamb you first sear and then roast for 35 to 40 minutes will be way past the desired medium-rare. And goodness, no — an internal temperature between 150 and 160 degrees F (60 and 70 C) — does not result in medium-rare meat! (See the chart in J. Kenji López-Alt’s The Food Lab, which says 150 is medium-well and 160 is well-done.) After spending something like $75 for those ingredients, I’m glad I didn’t follow that recipe to the letter.

However, the bright green, super herbal and garlicky Provençal Breadcrumbs Jackson concocted to coat the lamb were so good on their own that I tried them, as directed, on her Tomates Provençales. Jackson describes the finished tomatoes in her headnote as “meltingly soft but crunchy.” After 2 minutes searing on a frying pan and 20 minutes in the oven, mine were soft enough to eat without teeth. The recipe had called for baking them a whole hour.

Saddest of all, the thing I was most excited to make — that juicy sandwich known as Pan Bagnat, Nice’s iconic treat, the sandwich that graces the cover of the book — was an unmitigated flop. The rolls I was instructed to bake for them turned out beautiful-looking, but terribly, inedibly dry, and there wasn’t a tomato in the world whose slices were juicy enough to revive them. They sure looked pretty, but I had to reclaim their fillings and turn them into a salad.

How can a cookbook with so much that’s wonderful include such egregious mistakes? Has the world of cookbook publishing changed so much since I last published a title that no one tests recipes nor copy edits, nor holds authors accountable for the workability of their recipes anymore? Do editors and publishers stop to think about the small fortunes readers are forking over at the supermarket to excitedly recreate the dishes so lovingly styled and photographed in the books that, by the way, the reader also spent a pretty penny to procure? Or is the assumption that no one actually cooks these things?

If Niçoise were an anomaly, I’d probably have let it go, and simply skipped reviewing it. But these are the kinds of errors I’m finding in so many new cookbooks these days, especially cookbooks by well known authors published by top publishing houses.

In a world that’s small, where cookbook authors probably have no more than one or two degrees of separation from the writer publishing a review, it’s not easy to be so critical. My hope, though, is that Niçoise — which again, has so much going for it — sells well enough in its first run that it gets reprinted, that the first edition’s errors will be corrected in the second printing, and that it goes on to become a fabulously successful backlist title. (That’s the publishing term for a book that stays in print for years or even decades.)

I’ll keep my copy, mistakes and all, on a prominent shelf, there for when I want to be inspired and transported to the South of France.

Niçoise: Market-Inspired Cooking from France’s Sunniest City, by Rosa Jackson; photography by Jan Hendrik van der Westhuizen; W.W. Norton & Company, $39.00


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Got zucchini blossoms? Bake them into a gorgeous tian de courgettes

By Leslie Brenner

Next time you see a pile of beautiful squash blossoms in your farmers market, or happen upon them in your summer garden, consider this: You don’t have to fry them uniess you want to.

If you’d rather not stand over that hot oil, make this Tian de Courgettes et de Chèvre, from Rosa Jackson’s new book Niçoise: Market-Inspired Cooking from France’s Sunniest Region. A tian, if you’re unfamiliar, is a baked vegetable dish from Provence, named for the earthenware dish it’s baked in. Jackson gives hers half a dozen eggs, some cream and crumbled goat cheese; she describes it as “like a baked frittata or crustless quiche.”

I love it because the eggs, cream and cheese round out the flavor of the zucchini, with basil as a lovely accent. The zucchini blossoms get halved, brushed with olive oil and laid on top of the tian in a sunburst pattern, and the result is gorgeous.

I first made the dish during a part of the summer that was so hot here in Dallas that we weren’t getting zucchini blossom in the market. Jackson calls the blossoms “optional,” so I went ahead and made it without. Pretty damn good!

Now that it has cooled a bit, the blossoms are there for the snagging, so I was excited to make It again with the sunburst final flourish.

Even better. Do try it, should those blossoms beckon.


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READ: “Zucchini and friends: late summer’s greatest plate-mates

EXPLORE: All the French recipes at Cooks Without Borders


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A gorgeous salade niçoise may be the perfect Olympics-watching platter

By Leslie Brenner

[Editor’s note: This is one in a series of articles about dishes suited to watching and celebrating the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics.]

It’s cool, it’s French, it’s healthful, it’s grazeable and it’s a meal on one plate: That’s why the composed salad known as salade niçoise is the ideal offering for Paris Olympics-watching.

Our version of salad niçoise is not the original real-deal: Citizens of Nice, France (from where the salad gets its name) might kick you out of their town for including potatoes and green beans, rather than fava beans and raw artichokes, the OG ingredients.

That’s OK: Dishes evolve, and sometimes it’s for the better. It’s hard to argue that what much of the world, and even France outside of Nice, calls a salad niçoise isn’t terrific. Slices of ripe tomato, cooled cooked potato, hard-boiled eggs, haricots verts, flaked tuna, radishes, anchovies and niçoise olives set on greens and dressed with vinaigrette is a marvelous thing. (The OG version used only olive oil, no vinegar, and didn’t always include tuna!)

How to elevate your evolved salade niçoise game? Use the best jarred or canned tuna (preferably olive-oil-packed) and anchovies you can find, Cook the eggs carefully so their yolks are more jammy than powdery. Use deliciously ripe heirloom tomatoes, and finish the salad with radishes and basil leaves — both of which the OG version often included.

Finally, use real niçoise olives if you can find them — it’s getting harder and harder in my neck of the woods. If you can’t, kalamatas will do.

For Olympics-watching, you might want to put out the salad un-dressed, with a pitcher of vinaigrette on the side, and let everyone drizzle their own. A sliced baguette, maybe a French cheese or two for après-salade, and you’ve got a dinner worthy of a podium finish.

RECIPE: Salade Niçoise



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Paris Summer Food Games: An artichoke vinaigrette puts France at your fingertips

By Leslie Brenner

[Editor’s note: This is one in a series of articles about dishes suited to watching and celebrating the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics.]

The French aren’t famous for eating with their fingers, but their approach to artichokes is a notable exception. Pull a leave off, dip the base in sauce (if the sauce is served on the side), scrape the base with your teeth and eat — that’s as French as it is American.

And because artichauts à la vinaigrette can be made ahead, chilled and then eaten cold (with your fingers!), they’re perfect for so many summer endeavors, from picnics and potlucks to having friends for drinks and apps, to snacking in front of the TV during the Paris Summer Olympics.

Our recipe has you pour the vinaigrette over the artichokes while they’re warm, but you could just as easily chill the boiled artichokes unadorned, and serve the vinaigrette separately, for dipping.

Need a quick primer on how to trim them for cooking? Find it in this article. And here’s the recipe:



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Paris Summer Food Games: Your Favorite Chocolate Mousse

By Leslie Brenner

[Editor’s note: This is one in a series of articles about dishes suited to watching and celebrating the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics.]

We’re less than three weeks away from the opening ceremony of the Paris Summer Olympics. The two weeks of sports-watching that follows will certainly be even more fun with French snacks.

What could feel more French than keeping glasses or jars of chocolate mousse stashed in the fridge? Whip ‘em out to celebrate gold medals — or console yourself for a lackluster performance.

Our recipe makes a fabulous mousse — one thats easy and infinitely customizable. Flavor it with orange liqueur, coffee, amaretto, peppermint extract, Cognac or cardamom. Top it with whipped cream, cacao nibs, shaved chocolate, colorful sprinkles or whatever suits your fancy.

Sound like a plan? Here’s the recipe:



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Cookbooks We Love: David Lebovitz's 'The Perfect Scoop' is the only ice cream book you'll ever need

Our photo of ‘The Perfect Scoop’ shows the 2007 first-edition paperback, but our review refers to the 2018 updated and revised edition.

Our photo of ‘The Perfect Scoop’ shows the 2007 first-edition paperback, but our review refers to the 2018 updated and revised edition.

By Leslie Brenner

[This article updates one that was originally published on July 18, 2021.]

The Perfect Scoop: 200 Recipes for Ice Creams, Sorbets, Gelatos, Granitas and Sweet Accompaniments (revised and updated), by David Lebovitz, photographs by Ed Anderson, 2018, Ten Speed Press, $24.99

Backgrounder: David Lebovitz, who launched his career as pastry chef at Chez Panisse back in the 1980s, has an outstanding Substack newsletter chronicling his food-life in Paris; there’s also a lot of wonderful material (including recipes) on his blog and website. He is the author of many excellent books, including Drinking French, Ready for Dessert, My Sweet Life in Paris and others (he has published nine in total), and The Perfect Scoop is our favorite of them all. Originally published in 2007, Lebovitz revised and updated it in 2018, adding a dozen new recipes, and it is that edition that’s the basis of this review and the recipes we’ve adapted.

Why We Love it: Lebovitz is the undisputed king of ice cream, and we’ve been making his frozen desserts since way back when the book was first published. The recipes always work perfectly as written, but they’re eminently riffable, and even provide such a strong foundation that if you’re a confident cook, you can probably start creating your own recipes. Besides chapters on the frozen desserts themselves, there are also chapters on Sauces and Toppings (Classic Hot Fudge, Cajeta, Candied Red Beans), Mix-Ins (Butter Pecans, Peppermint Patties) and “Vessels” (Ice Cream Cones, Crêpes, Profiteroles, Brownies).

We’ve made or tasted probably at least a dozen frozen desserts in the book, which besides ice cream, also includes gelatos, sorbets, sherbets and sorbettos, frozen yogurts, ices, granitas and ice pops. Recently, we made up a batch of Lebovitz’s Watermelon Sorbetto, pouring into ice-pop molds and turning it into not-too-sweet watermelon paletas (so good!). His Lavender-Honey Ice Cream is one of our favorites ever; Peach Ice Cream is a Philadelphia-style (no eggs) classic you’ll love all summer long; Cinnamon Ice Cream is classic as well. At Christmastime, Egg Nog Ice Cream is killer, and any time of year, Lemon Sorbet is a terrific version of classic lemon Italian ice. (You’ll have to buy the book to get those recipes, but believe me, you won’t be sorry.)

Gianduja Gelato with Straciatella from ‘The Perfect Scoop’

Gianduja Gelato with Straciatella from ‘The Perfect Scoop’

A few years ago we fell in love with (and wrote about) the Gianduja (hazelnut-chocolate) Gelato swirled with the Stracciatella (Italian-style chocolate chips) found in the Mix-Ins chapter.

Matcha Ice Cream from ‘The Perfect Scoop’

Matcha Ice Cream from ‘The Perfect Scoop’

Lovers of Japanese sweets will adore Lebovitz’s green tea ice cream. Made with matcha and rich with egg yolks, it is quite simply the best we’ve ever tasted.

Tangerine sorb edit.jpg

You’ll have to save for the winter, when mandarins (also known as tangerines) are in season and at their most flavorful, to fully appreciate Lebovitz’s Tangerine Sorbet. But do keep it in mind — with an incredible purity of flavor, it’s one of our all-time favorite winter desserts.

Nectarine Sorbet from ‘The Perfect Scoop’

Nectarine Sorbet from ‘The Perfect Scoop’

You’ve Gotta Try This: In Southwest France, where I’ve spent a lot of time over the last three decades, my French in-laws have a delightful custom of slicing a ripe peach into their red wine glasses at the end of dinner. The peaches get macerated, turning them into a glorious, light dessert, so fab with the red wine. Years ago, I tried to develop a peach ice cream recipe that would replicate those flavors, but never succeeded. Lo and behold Lebovitz’s recipe for Nectarine Sorbet, which he suggests scooping into wine glasses and letting everyone pour in red wine to their taste. Dare I say it’s even better than the real thing!? The sorbet on its own is pretty magnificent — and easy to make, especially as nectarines don’t require peeling.

Nectarine Sorbet is marvelous in a glass of red wine.

Nectarine Sorbet is marvelous in a glass of red wine.

Still Wanna Make: Oh, man — where do I start?! Chartreuse Ice Cream is high on the list (will do that soon!), and so are Toasted Almond & Candied Cherry; Aztec Chocolate; Toasted Coconut; Dried-Apricot-Pistachio; and Prune-Armagnac (all ice creams). Among the dairy-free recipes, I feel a batch of Pineapple Sorbet coming on soon. And doesn’t Cucumber-Gin Sorbet sound like fun?

I’m guessing you’re half-way out of your seat and ready to churn; make sure your ice-cream-maker insert is in the freezer.

If You Don’t Yet Have an Ice-cream Maker: Do spring for one — it’s well worth it if you love ice creams and sorbets as much as we do. Our 15+ year-old Cuisinart finally died a month ago, and I bought a new one with a larger capacity — the Cuisinart ICE-70. It’s not inexpensive, at about $139 (at the moment), but I appreciate that it can churn up to 1 1/2 quarts of ice cream. (Note that it is not the 2 quarts its specs suggest; a full review is coming soon!) The New York Times Wirecutter highly recommends the much less pricey Cuisinart ICE-21 (my purchase was also based on a positive Wirecutter review, among others), but at three-quarters capacity, I believe that would cause overflow problems with many recipes, including some of Lebovitz’s.


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Paris Summer Food Games: A Quintessential Quiche Lorraine always grabs the gold

By Leslie Brenner

[Editor’s note: This is one in a series of articles about dishes suited to watching and celebrating the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics.]

Whether you’re scheming a weeknight dinner, having friends over for Sunday brunch or watching the Olympics in front of the TV, a terrific quiche will serve you well.

Our recipe is for a Quintessential Quiche Lorraine — the classic, with bacon and caramelized onions, in a beautiful batter based on eggs, with lots of cream.

Would you like cheese in your quiche? Grate up some Gruyère, Comté or Emmenthaler and layer it in. (Our recipe includes a cheese variation.) You can also make it vegetarian, swapping some sautéed mushrooms or spinach (or both!) for the bacon, or just about any cooked veg that strikes your fancy.

However you design that quiche, a slice of it will want to share the plate with a simple green salad. You can’t get more French than that!


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Leeks Ravigote, trending in France, belongs on your TV table this Olympic summer

By Leslie Brenner

[Editor’s note: This is the first in a series of articles about dishes suited to watching and celebrating the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics.]

Before we know it, all eyes will be on Paris for the start of the Olympic games, and likely as not that will put many of us in the mood for a French TV dinner or lunch.

One dish I know will be on my Olympic team is poireaux ravigote — poached leeks dressed in an herb-packed, caper-happy, shallot-y vinaigrette with boiled egg. The snazzy salad-like starter has been showing up on fashionable tables all around France. It’ll shine on your table, too, whether it happens to be the one in your dining room or the coffee table in front of your TV.

Here’s a little background. The French love leeks, and a similar dish, poireaux vinaigrette, has long been one of the country’s most popular bistro dishes.

A few years back, restaurants started giving their poireaux vinaigrette (and their asparagus vinaigrette, and their artichokes vinaigrette) a lovely flourish of chopped hard-boiled egg: Mimosa is what that’s called. Before long, poireaux mimosa, asperges mimosa and artichaut mimosa were everywhere.

Then, last fall, a new leek prep started popping up here and there: poireaux ravigote. The effect is tangier and much more herbal than a straight-ahead vinaigrette, with lots of punch from those capers and shallots; the tang and punch are balanced by the soft richness of egg. Somehow, leeks, with their gentle allium lusciousness, are the perfect vehicle.

Will ravigote be the new mimosa? Who knows?! But I couldn’t wait to replicate it when I came home.

Origin of the dish

As it turns out, sauce ravigote goes way back — at least as far back as Auguste Escoffier’s 1903 bible Le Guide Culinaire, in which Escoffier describes the sauce as “suitable for calf’s head or foot, mutton foot, etc.” Escoffier’s ravigote is a type of vinaigrette that includes capers, parsley, chervil, tarragon, chives and minced onion, along with olive oil, vinegar, salt and pepper. Egg doesn’t appear; otherwise its very similar to what we’re seeing these days on leeks.

As for that calf’s head, in France that’s known as tête de veau. It’s a boiled dish with a long and treasured tradition — in fact, there are still tête de veau festivals all over France. And where there are tête de veau festivals, the boiled calves head inevitably is served with, you got it, sauce ravigote. Tête de veaux with sauce ravigote is also sometimes served in very casual restaurants known as bouchons. A restaurant in Paris, La Ravigote, reinvigorates the tradition.

Tête de veaux is so rich it wants a tangy sauce to balance it; look at it that way, and it’s easy to understand why the original version didn’t include something like egg. And why you might want it with something lean, like leeks.

I don’t know when or why chopped egg made it into ravigote, but I do know that Daniel Boulud included it in a recipe for sauce ravigote he published eight years ago in Saveur magazine. He mentioned in the headnote to that recipe that the sauce may be prepared hot or cold.

The Wikipedia entry for Sauce ravigote echos the idea that it could be hot or cold, adding that the hot version is “classically based on a vegetable or meat broth, or a velouté,” and that the cold sauce is based on a vinaigrette.

Boulud’s version — a cold one — incorporates both ideas: It’s based on stock, but then vinegar and seasonings get blitzed in, followed by sunflower oil. A vinaigrette built on a stock base. He suggests serving it with fish, grilled meat or — “if you’re feeling gutsy,” tête de veau. No mention of leeks.

There are recipes for leeks ravigote all over the French reaches of the internet, though many — such as those published by the magazine Marie Claire and Femme Actuelle — are undated, so who knows how long they’ve been floating around. Dating back to 2010, there’s a recipe from a site called Marmiton for a terrine of skate with leeks and sauce ravigote; interestingly, it’s rated as “très facile” (very easy). Following the eight steps to make the terrine, it tells us to serve the terrine chilled with a sauce ravigote — the only guidance for the sauce offered parenthetically, as “vinaigrette + échalotes ciselées + câpres.” (Translation: vinaigrette + minced shallots + capers.) No mention of herbs, and definitely no eggs.

The earliest recipe for poireaux sauce ravigote I have found is from 2013, by chef Jean-Pierre Vigato, posted on his personal website. His post comes with the title “Une façon amusante de préparer les poireaux vinaigrette!” — an amusing way to prepare leeks vinaigrette. It’s all there, with a vinaigrette that includes herbs, shallots and capers, along with a few cornichons — and egg. For the egg, he has us coddle four eggs, and whisk the coddled yolk of one of them into the sauce, before roughly chopping the other eggs and adding them in as well.

Choose slender leeks, if you find them, with long pale parts. Fatter ones can be halved vertically. Be sure to keep part of the root intact so they don’t fall apart.

Our version of sauce ravigote

When I started playing with the dish, I found I preferred adding the chopped egg last, finishing the dish with it rather than incorporating it into the sauce, so the bits of it stay more distinct.

But let’s back up and talk about leeks; you’ll want to choose them carefully. In France, where people are accustomed to cooking with them, it’s easy to find nice ones, but in the United States, depending on where you live, it can be challenging.

Choose slender ones, if possible, and definitely those that halve long whitish parts — it’s the light part that simmers up nice and tender. If all you find are leeks that are mostly dark green, with maybe only an inch or two that’s whitish, just skip it: Those leeks are better suited for flavoring a stock. (And if you’ll notice, those dark green parts are often very thick — they’ll be tough.)

Last time I made leeks ravigote, I found a few lovely slender leeks, and a few that had nice white parts but were much thicker. I bought them all and cut the thicker ones in half vertically.

Start by trimming them: Slice off the bottoms, but be sure to leave a small part of the root. That keeps them attached so they don’t fall apart when you cook them. For the slender one’s you’re leaving whole, slice those vertically almost all the way through — again, leave them attached at the bottom — and then rinse them carefully, separating the layers gently with your fingers so you can rinse out any soil. Cut them off at the top where the pale part ends; hopefully you’ll have leeks that are at least 7 inches / 18 cm or so, and maybe as long as 12 inches / 30 cm. (which is even better). Use kitchen shears to snip off any dark green parts that creep down on some of the layers (as shown in the photo above).

After that, it’s smooth sailing. Simmer them in salted water till they’re tender. While they’re cooking, boil an egg for exactly 9 minutes, and make the vinaigrette — with Champagne vinegar (or white wine vinegar), Dijon mustard, olive oil, shallot, capers and herbs (parsley, chives, dill and tarragon). Chop the egg, drain the leeks, dress them with the vinaigrette and finish with the chopped egg.

Ready? Set? Ravigote!

RECIPE: Leeks Ravigote


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Elegant and easy, scallops grenobloise stars in a dazzling dinner for two

By Leslie Brenner

They’re plump, gorgeous, oceanic in flavor — and just the thing to wow a dinner partner when staying in sounds more delightful than date-night out. Succulent sea scallops are the perfect centerpiece for a beautiful dinner for two.

Yes, they’re pricy, but it’s pretty easy to make them dazzle. Lately, my favorite way is with a French prep known as à la grenobloise: seared in a hot pan, spooned over with a sauce of browned butter, lemon and capers and finished with parsley. With so few ingredients and very little prep, it’s quick as it sounds, and ideally suited for a special evening. It’s also light, so dinner doesn’t have to end with a groan.

Named for Grenoble, the city known as the unofficial capital of the French Alps, the preparation is better known as a way to sauce skate (raie à la grenobloise), sole or trout. (And yes — it’s also wonderful with those, if they call to you from the fish counter.)

The trickiest part of the grenobloise is cutting a lemon into suprêmes — segments freed from the citrus’ membranes. But even that is easy once you have the hang of it. (Watch the video of Lefebvre making the dish to see how.) But suprêmes aren’t strictly necessary; you can just as well cut the lemon into very thin slices and cut those slices into pieces; no one will be the wiser. Other than that, the only advance prep is chopping a little parsley, measuring out and draining some capers and squeezing a lemon.

I must admit, I’m a bit perplexed that seafood à la grenobloise isn’t better known. Jacques Pépin also makes them in a video (he adds mushrooms), but I can’t find it in any of the Anglophone French cookbooks on my shelves — including Julia Child’s Mastering the Art, Ann Willan’s Country Cooking of France, Dorie Greenspan’s Around My French Table or Patricia Wells’ My Master Recipes. Nor is it in the 1,086-page French-language Le Grand Livre de la Cuisine Française, nor Hubert Delorme and Vincent Boué’s The Complete Book of French Cooking, recently published in English translation from the French. And no, not a single mention of à la grenobloise — or sole, skate or scallops prepared that way — in Escoffier (at least that I could find).

It is, however, all over the French internet. (Spoiler alert: Many of the recipes also include croutons toasted in butter.)

You might be curious about how sauce grenobloise got its name. After all, Grenoble is landlocked. The French Wikipedia listing for “la sauce grenobloise” cites one Claude Muller, author of Cuisine traditionelle des Alpes, as explaining that fish arrived in Grenoble a bit worse for wear after being transported, and the custom developed of hiding the off-taste with capers. (Oh, sure — the famous old caper trick!)

Celery, Endive and Crab Salad

So, what to have avec?

Precede the scallops with a celery, endive and crab salad, or — if you want something warm, an easy minted pea soup (it’s made from frozen peas, but the flavor is amazing). Either can be made almost entirely in advance, leaving you free to enjoy your evening.

With the scallops themselves, you could serve rice or potatoes of some kind, or keep it light and let them stand on their own. Ludo Lefebvre, chef-owner of Petit Trois in Los Angeles and Chez Maggy in Denver, includes blanched cauliflower florets in his, which is also a lovely idea.

And for dessert: Tangerine sorbet!

Tangerines (aka mandarins) are so fabulous this time of year. One of my favorite recipes from David Lebovitz’s The Perfect Scoop captures and intensifies their brilliant flavor in a sorbet. Make it the day before, and all you’ll need to do is scoop. Serve it alone, or with some simple almond cookies or tuiles, homemade or store-bought.


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A perfect French winter salad that marries frisée, lardons and Roquefort

Leslie Brenner

You know that classic French bistro salad of frisée, lardons and a poached egg? Known in France as salade lyonnaise, it’s wonderful. But I’m not always in the mood for a runny egg to start off dinner.

I definitely don’t often feel like carefully poaching four eggs to top salads when I’m cooking for friends or family. Too stressful!)

For those times when that salad is the right vibe but you’re not up for a poached egg situation, this salad sings. Bits of Roquefort stand in for the egg, adding rich umami. You get bites of the fluffy frisée tangled with a little of that cheese and a bacon lardon — set off by a lightly zingy sherry-shallot vinaigrette. It’s kind of perfect, and you’re not stressed.

Would you find this salad in France? Probably; it has such a bistro feel. But it’s really a cross between that salad lyonnaise and another classic, endives with Roquefort, walnuts and apple.

In any case, it’s pretty easy and very adaptable. You can swap endive or escarole for the frisée, which isn’t always easy to find. And just about any kind of blue cheese will do, as long as it’s not too creamy (you want it to crumble a bit). Bleu d’Auvergne or Fourme d’Ambert are good candidates; or use an American blue, such as Maytag.

Depending on where you live, slab bacon might not be easy to find, either (in recent years, I’m seeing it much less in my neck of the woods). If you can’t get it, you can use pancetta, or even sliced bacon.

However you spin the thing, it’s way better than the sum of its parts — a dream of a winter salad.


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Baba au rhum may be the most fabulous French dessert of them all

By Leslie Brenner

“A forkful of rum-soaked baba and Chantilly is one of life’s great pleasures.” Coming from Aleksandra Crapanzano, that’s really saying something: The food columnist for The Wall Street Journal counts Gâteau, a volume filled with recipes for 117 French cakes, among the three cookbooks she has authored. She grew up in Paris and New York, and currently lives in New York, and no doubt she’s eaten some pretty delicious forkfuls.

Nor is she the only one who feels that way about baba: For eons, whenever I’d ask my husband Thierry what dessert he would like for various special occasions, he’d say “baba au rhum.”

If we were in France, fulfilling that wish would be easy: You find baba au rhum in just about every pastry shop, and pastry shops are everywhere. Chez nous, in the U.S.? Not so easy. I’d gladly have been baking babas all these years, but I didn’t have the requisite savarin mold — a speciality baking pan that’s not easy to source. Baba recipes aren’t exactly a dime a dozen, and one that read as legit never crossed my path. Until last year: For Christmas, Thierry finally got his baba.

I found the recipe in Crapanzano’s latest book, which had recently been published. (It is included in our Ultimate Cookbook Gift Guide.)

RECIPE: Baba au Rhum

It’s a splendid recipe, and Crapanzano solves the problem of the mold by calling for a Bundt pan. In fact, if you use a 6-cup Bundt pan, which I never knew existed, it’s the same size as a savarin mold. Eureka! I ran around the corner to the cookware shop and found one.

A year earlier, I spent many hours researching the history of the dessert, so that if one day I was able to make one I could provide background. I needn’t have bothered; Crapanzano supplies it:

“The history of this classic dates back to the early 1700s, when exiled Polish king Stanislas Leszczynski complained to his pastry chef, Nicolas Stohrer, that the kugelhopfs — the prized cake of Nancy, where he was living — were too dry. Stohrer responded by brushing his next kugelhopf with a rum soaking syrup, and a classic was born. Stanislaus named it baba after his favorite fictional character, Ali Baba, and the name stuck. When Leszczynski’s daughter married King Louis XV, she moved to Paris and brought Stohrer with her — smart woman. He went on to open what remains today one of the great pâtisseries of Paris.”

In case you’re wondering about the Chantilly part of the equation, the stuff that’s on Crapanzano’s happy forkful, that would be crème Chantilly — French for whipped cream. You can either serve each slice, as Crapanzano suggests, with an “excessive dollop” of it, or just before serving you can fill the center of the Bundt-shaped cake with a giant cloud of it.

This, of course, would be a delightful extravagance to finish any kind of holiday dinner. But you could also make a baba between the holidays — or on a dreary afternoon in January or February — and invite friends over to devour it.


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Carottes Râpées, France’s ubiquitous carrot salad, gets a game-changing upgrade

By Leslie Brenner

It’s about time carottes râpées got an upgrade. The simple carrot salad, ubiquitous in France, is what French people make when they don’t have anything but carrots in the larder, or their imagination has run dry. Dressed with lemon juice, olive oil, salt, pepper and maybe a little Dijon mustard, it has the potential to be delightful. Yet most French people are anything but excited to see it land on the table.

That’s because it’s usually made with a box grater (râpées means “grated”); it’s a salad whose wood-shavings-like texture nearly always drags it down. At least in France it’s not weighed down by raisins and mayo, the way it might be in America; the French do keep it light and savory.

Those who want to take some time and care with it are capable of culinary magic: elevating an ordinary dish to something you might even serve to friends. They take out their sharpest knife and, after peeling the carrots, cut them into fine julienne. That’s what James Oseland suggested in his 2021 book World Food: Paris.

Julienned carottes râpées

And he’s right — it is much nicer.

But cutting carrots into julienne is also a lot of work, even if you use a mandoline.

Recently I found a better way to elevate the dish: Once you’re done peeling the carrots, just keep going — use the peeler to shave the entire carrot into ribbons. Before long, and with little effort, you’ll have a mountain of ribbons. Dress it with the classic combo of lemon and olive oil, snip some chives on top (or parsley, or chervil, or dill) and you’re good to go. The ribbons give the salad lovely texture. Add some nigella seeds or poppy seeds if you want to give it a little more dimension. But only if you want to. The ribbon treatment alone makes it really nice.

It’s that little bit of culinary magic: You’ve turned the dish into a plate of tangy, fresh, bright, ribbony delightfulness.

And you didn’t have to turn on the stove.

RECIPE: Carottes Râpées, Ribbon-Style

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Classic French lemon tart: After 15 years of tinkering with the recipe, this is the one we adore

By Leslie Brenner

Among all the desserts in all the world, it’s hard to think of one more enduringly craveable and satisfying than a classic French lemon tart. At this moment before berries fully rev up (and as cherries and peaches quietly prepare to steal our hearts), a tarte au citron is a deliciously tangy way to celebrate spring.

Sunny and optimistic, the iconic dessert is almost absurdly simple: just a pastry shell filled with lemon curd. Yet it’s so purely pleasurable it never goes out of style.

But what’s the best recipe? After many years of tinkering, I’ve distilled everything I’ve learned into one I think is just right. As with many things that are simple, it’s all about the quality of those components and how they talk to each other.

For the shell, some recipes use a short crust (pâte brisée) with a touch of sugar; others use a sweet pâte sablé, made with egg and lots of powdered sugar. Lemon curds are similar at their base — eggs, sugar, lemon juice and butter, cooked on top of the stove to creamy-custardy. But differences in approach, amounts of ingredients and technique can change the quality of the tart, sometimes dramatically.

The lemon tart’s power to cheer is remarkable. Back in 2008, when the global financial crisis hit, I baked one nearly every day for couple months to keep my spirits up, doing something slightly different each time. Since then, I’ve turned to it whenever I crave that gorgeous lemony blast, experimenting with different crusts, using more or less sugar, changing up the egg-approach, how much butter to use or when to incorporate it. Sometimes, I’d act like a lemon tart virgin and faithfully follow a recipe in a new cookbook, hungry to discover something fresh.

What I’ve learned over these many years is that despite the oft-cited dictum that baking is an exact science, a lemon tart gives you plenty of room for error, and inevitably plenty of joy. There’s more room for improvisation than you’d think. If you know the basics of how to make a crust, you can hardly go wrong, and lemon curd is not difficult or finicky.

I also learned that there’s a world of difference between a good lemon tart and a great lemon tart.

To me, the ideal is a very lemony one that’s not overly sweet, with depth of flavor, a velvety texture and a crust that’s brilliantly tender and buttery. And as a cook, I want a recipe that yields spectacular results every time with as little fuss as possible and in the shortest time.

A short crust pressed into a tart pan, before blind-baking

The question of crust

Choosing between pâte brisée and pâte sablé was easy for me; with a palate more savory than sweet, I’ve always been a short crust fan. Before my 2008 tart follies, I was accustomed to crusts that you form, chill and rest, roll out, fit into the pan, chill again, fill with weights, and bake. I think it was my friend Michalene who suggested I try the short crust in Chez Panisse Desserts by Lindsey Shere (the iconic restaurant’s original pastry chef).

Here’s something beautiful: It doesn’t require rolling. You start with butter that’s not too cold, work it into the flour with your fingers, gather it into a ball, let it chill, then use your fingers to press the dough into a tart pan with a removeable bottom. Chill that, then blind-bake it (no pie weights necessary) till it’s golden. Much shorter from start to finish, less messy, less scary.

It’s a beautiful crust that’s more tender than any other I’ve made. I’ve tweaked Shere’s original a bit over the years — yielding a bit more dough so it stretches more easily into a 9-inch pan, and decreasing resting/chilling time. It’s just as wonderful.

Conquering curd

As for the curd, there’s an aesthetic divide among lemon tart creators: Some fill the blind-baked crust with chilled curd and say voilà, while others fill the blind-baked crust then bake it again with the curd. The first way results in a filling that’s silky and creamy; the second is nicely set and firmer, more like velvet than silk. I prefer the texture of the baked filling, and feel that the time in the oven adds depth of flavor as well.

A lemon tart with an unbaked filling — smooth, silky and lovely, but not the vibe that rocks our boat

To make the curd, you can use whole eggs or a combination of whole eggs and yolks, for extra richness. Personally, I don’t need it to be extra-rich, so I use whole eggs without messing with separating them just for the yolks. (And that way I’m not left with unspoken-for egg whites.) When to add the butter is another question. You can drop it in directly after combining the eggs, sugar and lemon juice, and let it melt as you start cooking, or whisk in cold bits of butter after you’ve cooked the eggs, sugar and lemon juice.

And then there’s the matter of how sweet or tart to make it. Shere’s recipe for lemon curd filling, published in that same cookbook in 1985, calls for 6 tablespoons of sugar (roughly 1/3 cup) for a 9-inch tart. These days, many recipes call for double or triple that much sugar, or more. (A recipe for French Riviera Lemon Tart in Dorie Greenspan’s Baking with Dorie calls for 3/4 cup sugar; the Pioneer Woman’s Lemon Tart filling calls for 1 1/4 cup.) America’s sweet tooth wants more and more sugar.

Not me. I like my lemon tart more tart and my sugar consumption in check, so my recipe calls for 1/2 cup. If you’re worried that won’t be sweet enough, consider that my bookshelves are filled with classic old cookbooks calling for 1/2 cup sugar for their 9-inch classic tartes au citron: It’s sweet enough for history — and for my husband and his sweet-tooth.

On board for the sunny, tangy treat? Make one next weekend! It’ll be just the thing for an Easter brunch, a special dinner with friends, or a just-because-I-deserve it pick me up.

Our favorite lemon tart: press-in short crust, baked filling, not-too-sweet

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Coq au Vin — the soul-satisfying, heartwarming French classic — is a magnificent dish to make at home

By Leslie Brenner

A chill winter day is the perfect opportunity to make coq au vin — chicken marinated overnight and then braised in red wine and aromatics. Not only is the classic French dish fabulously delicious, it feeds a crowd (or lasts a few days into the workweek), and it will fill your living space with gorgeous aromas.

Seems like I’m not the only one craving this type of old-fashioned French comfort food; it’s having something that feels much bigger than a moment. A few days ago, The New York Times published a story about 25 essential dishes to eat in Paris. (The only one I’ve had is the first on the list — cassoulet from L'Assiette — and I couldn’t agree more. Go eat it, if you can!) Classic-style French bistros and brasseries are drawing crowds in Los Angeles, New York (always!), Chicago, Washington, D.C., Philadelphia, Dallas — and every other American city with a heartbeat. Buvette — which chef Jody Adams opened in New York a dozen years ago — now also has locations in Tokyo, Seoul and Mexico City (as well as Paris and London).

Oddly, for many crave-able bistro and French-home-cooking dishes, it’s not easy to find outstanding, workable recipes. For coq au vin, I’ve used (or consulted) probably no fewer than 20 recipes from various usually-excellent sources. (The great Julia Child fell down on this one; the coq au vin recipe in her Volume I of Mastering the Art does not have you marinate the chicken in the wine first; you merely braise it.)

The marinade: Start with a bottle of red wine.

For well over a decade, I’ve been working on my own recipe, informed by everything I’ve learned along the way. At long last I feel it’s worth sharing.

Developing it has required some accommodations. For one thing, traditionally the dish is made with a big old rooster — that’s the coq. These days, both stateside and in France, coq au vin is usually made with chicken. Either way, the bird is cut up, marinated in red wine and aromatics overnight (or up to two or even three days), browned then braised in the marinade and and garnished with mushrooms, pearl onions and lardons.

No problem with the mushrooms; you can use either white mushrooms or crimini. And you know what? I find the mushrooms so delicious in coq au vin that I’ve doubled the amount most recipes use — that way each person gets a generous amount.

Lardons, however, may be problematic for many American cooks, as it has become difficult to find the required slab (unsliced) bacon in supermakets, even the best ones — at least where I live, in Dallas, Texas. (Readers in better-provisioned cities like New York, L.A. and San Francisco may have an easier time.) Happily, we do have an old-school butcher shop that carries it; perhaps you do, too.

Pearl onions are another problem. No so long ago, I used to find them, or cippolini, fresh at our better supermarkets; alas, no longer. You can buy a bag of frozen pearl onions from Birds Eye or at Trader Joe’s — already peeled, which is nice, but they’re pretty flavorless. I’ve taken to hunting down the smallest shallots I can find and treating them like baby onions; sometimes it means pulling two or more cloves apart from a larger one. To tell the truth, the shallots add such nice flavor I actually prefer them to baby onions. If one day I can’t find small enough shallots, I don’t know; I’ll probably punt and use the frozen pearl onions. Or relocate.

In place of an old rooster, I had been using a whole cut-up chicken, but because it’s smaller than a coq, I added a couple of extra thighs or drumsticks. Who wants to go to all this trouble for just four servings? Lately, I started using only thighs and drumsticks — and why not? Everyone in my orbit prefers dark meat, and dark-meat only simplifies the preparation. (Though our recipe allows for either approach.)

The versions of coq au vin that most informed mine are Anne Willan’s, from her wonderful 2007 book The Country Cooking of France, and one from Le Grand Livre de La Cuisine Française. Published (in French only) in late 2020, the latter book — which clocks in at 1,148 pages and weighs more than 8 pounds — comes from Jean-François Piège, one of France’s most renowned chefs. His book is an instant classic. I’ve cooked from it quite a bit (and referred to constantly) since the French cooking spree I’ve been on since I first lugged it back in my carry-on two years ago, having picked it up in a bookstore in Bordeaux. Imagine me literally running — with that anvil of a volume in tow — in order to make my connection (barely!) in Paris at Charles de Gaulle to come back home.

Piège’s and Willan’s recipes have much in common, but like many of the recipes in Piège’s tome, his is very restaurant-y. For instance, the chef assumes we will have on hand a liter of brown veal stock, 10 cl of sang de volaille ou de porc (poultry or pork blood), and some marc de Bourgogne (an eau de vie made from Burgundy grape must, like a French grappa) with which he wants us to flambé the bird first, and the garniture later. Oh, and that bird is either a coq or a Bresse chicken. He has us turn the mushrooms, sauté them in lardon fat and set them unsauced atop the finished dish, rather than cooking them in the sauce. Call me a peasant (or even a pheasant), but I like to simmer the mushrooms briefly in the sauce for a bit of flavor-exchange. (Willan’s recipe does that, but only for three to five minutes.)

One of the key issues with coq au vin is how to give the sauce enough body. Ideally, you’d use homemade chicken stock — that would have enough gelatin to give it a great texture. Most of us don’t have that lying around our freezer, though, so my recipe calls for store-bought chicken broth. Many recipes rely on whisking in beurre manié — softened butter mixed with flour — at the end. That works, but I don’t love its raw floury vibe; I’d rather leave the sauce a bit thinner and sop it up with lots of great crusty country sourdough. Recently, I came around to the idea of including a small amount of optional purchased veal demi-glace, which you can find in the freezer section of better supermarkets (or online at D’Artagnan). It’s expensive, but you can freeze and keep what you don’t use, and it does add silkiness and a bit more depth.

The wine question

I know what you’re wondering: What kind of wine should I use? First, don’t spend too much — pick up a bottle to cook with for $10 or less, if you can. Pinot noir, Beaujolais, Dolcetto d’Alba, Barbera, Sangiovese and Tempranillo are all good choices. Spend more, if you’re so inclined, on a great bottle to drink with it.

Besides the crusty bread, coq au vin is traditionally served with boiled potatoes tossed in butter and parsley, or maybe less frequently, pommes purées — mashed potatoes. I have also seen references to buttered noodles, which I have served chez nous. That raised an eyebrow on the face of the Frenchman to whom I am married, but all was forgiven once he dove into the saucy, fragrant, flavorful dish.

Don’t forget that you do need to start this dish the day before you want to serve it. The marinade needs to cool down completely before you add the chicken, so best to achieve that in the morning (it’s just 10 minutes or so of active time). Cool it down during the day, and plop in the chicken that evening. The next day, you’ll be ready to roll, whenever. Want to make the whole thing in advance? It’s even better, reheated, the next day.

I hope you enjoy this dish half as much as I do.

RECiPE: Coq au Vin


Rich and soulful, beef bourguignon is always in style

By Leslie Brenner

[Note: Originally published Dec. 19, 2016, this article was updated Dec. 7, 2022.]

For as long as I've been a cook, I've been making boeuf bourguignon – the classic French wine-braised beef stew with mushrooms, lardons and baby onions. There's something so deeply soulful about the dish, which simmers for a couple of hours in the oven, filling the kitchen with an incredible aroma.

Those transporting scents always deliver on their promise: Beef bourguignon, a dish that coaxes maximum deliciousness from humble ingredients, is a dreamy dish to serve to friends – with good red wine and a loaf of crusty French bread for soaking up the fabulous, richly flavored sauce. It's impressive enough for any important celebration – such as Christmas Eve or New Year's Eve – or no occasion at all. Maybe it's just what you want to eat on a cold winter evening with a fire going in the fireplace. It's a dish that never shows off, but always thrills. And while it may look like a lot of steps, it's no more complicated or time-consuming than making chili.

And because you can completely make it ahead – even the day before – it's the ideal (stress-free!) dish to serve at a dinner party, along with boiled or roasted potatoes or buttered noodles.  Precede it with a wintry salad, céleri rémoulade or a super easy-to-make yet luxurious and velvety roasted cauliflower soup swirled with brown butter

I must have originally learned to make beef bourguignon from Julia Child's Mastering the Art of French Cooking, but over the years, I've played with the recipe, trying to answer the questions that inevitably nip at a cook's heels: What's the best cut of beef to use? What kind of wine? Should you marinate the beef or not? 

After so many years, and so many versions – abetted by a recent round of reading and more playing – I think I finally have my be-all-and-end-all version. 

Let's start with the red wine. You use a whole bottle, so you'd better use something really good, right? Well, no – happily, it doesn't much matter what you use, as long as it hasn't turned to vinegar. I never spend more than $8 or $9 dollars on the wine for this dish. It doesn’t even have to be French.

For the beef cuts, I had to abandon my beloved Julia, who calls for "lean stewing beef." Mais, non! – what you want is a fattier cut, like beef chuck, which will become super-tender as its collagens break down through its long braise. Lean stewing beef becomes hard and tough. 

From Anne Willan, author of many wonderful cookbooks and head of La Varenne cooking school in Burgundy, I gleaned the idea of using a combination of chuck and beef shank. In her fine recipe in The Country Cooking of France (2007), Willan calls for boneless beef shank. An excellent choice, if you can find the cut. (I used to be able to reliably, but not recently; our recipe includes instructions for whether you have one or not.)

An article on Serious Eats freed me from the notion that marinating the meat was worthwhile, so I scrapped that step — which shortens the process by an entire day. And rather than browning each side of the cubes of beef — which is time-consuming and dries them out — I just brown two sides, and leave them in bigger chunks. It results in a texture that’s softer and more appealing, while still getting plentyof the wonderful, flavor-enhancing caramelization of browning. A lazy person's solution that pays off! 

Ready to cook?

Here's the way it'll go, in a nutshell. Brown the meat, then lightly cook your aromatic vegetables – onion, celery and carrot – which you don't even have to dice (just cut 'em in a few pieces), and a little garlic. Deglaze the pan with red wine, then add back the meat, the rest of the bottle of wine, and some chicken broth (homemade beef broth would be even better if you have it, but I never do). Toss in a bouquet garni (herbs, peppercorns and bay leave tied up in cheesecloth), bring to a simmer, then shove it in a slow oven for almost two hours, nearly unattended (just just want to stir it once or twice). Skim off the fat, discard the aromatic vegetables and bone, strain the sauce and add the meat back in, then add the garnishes you've prepared: lardons, mushrooms and baby onions, and braise another half hour.

There’s actually not much work involved; time does the flavor-building for you. If you want to do most of it a day or two in advance, you can stop and refrigerate it after the two hours in the oven; the day you’re ready to finish and serve it the fat will have solidified and you can lift it right off, add the garnishes and braise it another half hour before sending it out.

Serve it, as the French do, with mashed potatoes (they call it pommes purées), buttered egg noodles or boiled potatoes, plus crusty bread. And this is the moment to pull out that great bottle of red.

Add friends or other good company, and the payoff is nothing short of awesome.

RECIPE: Beef Bourguignon

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Easy, fabulous and just a little boozy: Say 'bonjour' to Apple Calvados Cake

By Leslie Brenner

If you’ve got a few apples, a springform pan and a splash of brown liquor, have we got a cake for you.

Easygoing and pretty much foolproof, this spirited apple cake is majestic enough to impress celebrants around a dinner table, casual enough to nibble with a cup of coffee on a rainy afternoon, and laid-back-festive enough to feature at brunch.

One very much like it first grabbed my attention when Dorie Greenspan published her wonderful book Around My French Table more than a decade ago. In it, I found a dessert called Marie-Hélène’s Apple Cake, which Greenspan described as “more apple than cake.” Ah, oui!

Over the years, I’ve played with it — first swapping out half of the all-purpose flour for whole wheat flour, and then getting rid of both and using spelt flour instead, for maximum ancient-grain goodness. Then I switched Greenspan’s dark rum for Calvados — France’s famous apple brandy. Wowie kazowie! That double-apple thing is spectacular. Apple jack works just as well.

Don’t have apple brandy? And kind of brandy — Cognac, Armagnac, Spanish Brandy de Jerez, whatever you’ve got will be great. Or use whiskey, such as bourbon or rye.

It’s all good. So is the apple situation: Grab four apples, whatever kind you happen to have, including mix-and-match. Cut them into big chunks, and fold them into a quickly whisked batter that doesn’t even require you to plug in a mixer.

Baked up, the apples melt into softness, gently cloaked in cake. It’s so nice that all through fall and into winter, I try always to have apples on hand in case the mood strikes. Thank you, Dorie — and Marie-Hélène, whoever you are.


Easy-to-make homemade mayo unlocks a world of French bistro and American classics (mind-blowing BLT, anyone?)

By Leslie Brenner

In director Eric Bésnard’s film “Delicious,” released in the U.S. earlier this year (it’s “Délicieux” in French), a pivotal plot point revolves around mayonnaise.

The chef-protagonist, Pierre Manceron, pays a late-night visit to his ex-boss, the Duc du Chamfort, who had fired him months before because one of his courtiers objected to a dish. Chef Manceron finds the duke sitting miserably in his kitchen, not-enjoying a midnight snack of langoustines. “This is what I’m reduced to,” the duke says in subtitled French, joylessly spearing a langoustine. “I ingurgitate, but without enjoyment.” (OK, I would have translated that differently.)

“Good cooks are rare, Manceron,” the duke continues. “Your successor was a sauce spoiler. And the one that came after him could barely make a mayonnaise.” He looks away, wistful. “How the little things can evoke the greatest memories. Look at that,” he says, nodding toward his sad snack. “It’s hopeless. No balance, no invention, no harmony. Nothing.”

“May I?” says Manceron, reaching for a small bowl of oil. “This’ll take but a minute.” Into another bowl, he cracks an egg, pours in some oil and starts whisking with a small broom-like whisk. In two seconds, he has a beautiful mayonnaise — miraculously garnished with sliced chives.

The duke sticks his finger into the mayo, tastes. Closes his eyes, blissed-out. “And so you came to torture me?”

I won’t tell you where it all leads (and yes, it’s worth watching!), but the point is clear: There’s nothing like a great homemade mayo. And here’s the best part: It’s way easier to make than you might think. OK, maybe not quite as effortlessly as Manceron makes it happen. But easy enough that if you love it as much as I do, you might find yourself making it every week or two.

Homemade mayonnaise makes so many things so much better. A height-of-tomato-season BLT. A next-level tuna salad sandwich, using the best tuna packed in oil. Deviled eggs. Egg salad.

Or depart from American classics and try some French favorites, like Céleri Rémoulade — the salad of julienned celery root that’s a bistro classic.

Céleri Rémoulade — one of homemade mayo’s best party tricks

Or Macédoine de Légumes — a simple, parti-colored salad of diced and blanched carrots, haricots verts and turnips, plus peas, cloaked lusciously in good mayo.

Use your delicious homemade mayo straight-up for dipping leaves of boiled artichoke or dolloping onto poached shrimp, or whisk into it a bit of crème fraîche, paprika and sherry vinegar, and call it the best sauce ever invented for chilled asparagus.

Macédoine de Légumes - glamourous cafeteria food!

But wait — how do we achieve this?

J. Kenji López-Alt, of Serious Eats fame (now with The New York Times) has an ingenious method for making mayonnaise. A hand-blender creates a vortex that does all the work for you. Pour canola oil over a layer of egg yolk combined with lemon juice, mustard and water, submerge the immersion blender, turn it on, slowly pull it up through the ingredients and voilà: mayonnaise in an instant.

That’s even easier than Chef Manceron’s movie magic. However, there’s a little more to do if you want the result to be not just mayo, but delicious mayo. For that, you need olive oil for flavor. Unfortunately, you can’t include the olive oil in that blender jar; olive oil has a different molecular structure than canola oil does, and the vortex trick doesn’t reliably work with it. (Occasionally it does; often it “breaks” — that awful thing that happens when your beautifully thick mayo falls apart into what looks like a vinaigrette.) That’s why, after the super-easy hand-blender trick, López-Alt has you whisk in a lot of olive oil by hand. It’s not the end of the world, but it does take some muscle to whisk in a full cup.

I wanted to make the process a bit easier, and I also prefer mayo that’s richer than López-Alt’s. While I do like the 50-50 olive oil-to-flavorless-oil ratio he uses, I favor a mayonnaise with a higher ratio of egg yolk to oil. For that, I turned back to a chef from mayo’s birthplace.

Mayonnaise the French way

In late 2020, renowned Paris chef Jean-François Piège published a monumental book that ambitiously and impressively aimed to codify the canon of contemporary French cooking: Le Grand Livre de La Cuisine Française: Recettes Bourgeoises & Populaires. I got my hands on a copy last year when I was in Bordeaux and schlepped the 8.2 pound, 1,086 page tome back in my carry-on (yep, shoulda checked it — its weight nearly made me miss my tight connection at Charles De Gaulle!).

It was worth it — I’ve referred to it a ton. Including Piège’s recipe for Mayonnaise — in which he uses 8 egg yolks for a liter of oil, which is about 2 yolks per cup of oil — a ratio that tastes just right to me. He also uses a full 5 teaspoons of Dijon mustard per cup of mayo, and red wine vinegar rather than lemon juice. (The mammoth cookbook, in case you’re wondering, has yet to be translated into English.)

Taking that page from Piège, our Mayonnaise recipe offers more depth of flavor than López-Alt’s, while requiring 25 percent less hand-whisking. It’s as delicious as Piège's, and more easily achieved than López-Alt’s.

RECIPE: Our Favorite Mayonnaise (Immersion Blender Method)

Go make a batch — you won’t be sorry. Covered in the fridge, it keeps for two weeks — though with all its delectable applications, yours might not stretch that long.


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How to cook France's favorite dish, something most Americans have never even heard of

By Leslie Brenner

What is the favorite food of people who live in France — steak frites? Boeuf bourguignon? Quiche? Mais non — it’s magret de canard, a dish most Americans probably have never heard of.

In the last four or five years, magret — duck breast cooked medium-rare like a steak — has risen to the top of the popularity charts and stayed there. In bistros and restaurants from Paris to Nantes, from Bordeaux to Toulouse, and Montpelier to Lyon, and in kitchens of home cooks from the most basic to the foodiest, magret is everywhere.

Though the preparation may be slightly different, it’s usually easy to recognize: deep rosy-pink-to-red slices, each edged with a pad of golden-brown-edged fat. There might be sauce, or perhaps not. It’s sometimes grilled, and often cooked à la poêle (in a pan). If there is a sauce, it is probably not sweet, as it would be in the United States; more likely something like a red wine sauce. (Yes, duck à l’orange exists in France, but it’s not the most usual preparation.) It looks more like red meat than poultry.

The flavor? Superb — rich and lean somehow at the same time, delightfully ducky, and not gamey (at least as long as it’s not overcooked). This is why the French love it: It’s delicious.

As these things go, its rise to the pinnacle of popularity has been dizzying. By most accounts, the dish was invented by André Daguin, owner and chef of the Hôtel de France in Auch, a small town in Gascony, around 1959. The hotel restaurant was known for (among other things) its outstanding confit duck legs, a specialty of the region. One day, suddenly tired of wasting the duck breasts, Daguin was struck by an idea: Grill them rare and serve them as if they were steaks. He called the dish Lou Magret. (That’s Occitaine dialect for “le maigre” — the lean.) Reportedly he served it with a duck-fat sauce béarnaise, later switching it to green peppercorn sauce.

Robert Daley, a Times correspondent writing a travel story in 1971, described Lou Magret’s presentation this way:

“Daguin lifted it onto a plate. From a silver casserole he added tiny potatoes that had been sautéed in butter, and all over this he spooned a thin green sauce with fresh peppercorns in it.”

Just one small problem with the conventional — and widely reported — wisdom about Daguin having invented the dish: He himself told Daley that he had not. “Absolutely not,” Daley quoted him as saying.

“The Hotel de France has been in my family since 1926, and we’ve served it all that time. My grandfather was a famous chef as well, and I know he served it back in the 1890’s.”

Unfortunately, Daguin died in 2018, so we can’t ask him to clarify. I did ask his daughter Ariane Daguin, via email, what she knows about it. She is founder of D’Artagnan, the pioneering New York-based purveyor that supplies duck products (including foie gras, breasts and legs) to restaurants and home cooks around the United States. Daguin has not yet responded. (When and if she does, we will update this article.)

Whether it was Ariane Daguin’s father or great-grandfather who first served magret, no question but that it was her father who popularized it — putting Gascony on the world culinary map at the same time.

Magret waiting to be cooked

How to make magret

If you visit France and you’re an omnivore, you will want to order it. (In fact, it’s hard to avoid!) In the meantime, it’s a fabulous thing to make at home.

Because the duck breast is covered with a thick layer of fat — most of which needs to be rendered — it can be a bit tricky to cook it medium-rare. But take it slow, cook it rather low, and you’ll nail it. Cook it once or twice, and you’ll get the knack — and feel pretty brilliant about the extremely French dish you can turn out with very little effort. It’s special enough to impress yet quick and easy enough for a weeknight dinner.

Prick the skin all over with a toothpick to help the fat render. (Many recipes have you score the fat, but pricking it is easier and equally effective.) Season with salt and pepper, place skin-side-down in a cold skillet, give it high heat for half a minute till it sizzles, then cook about 15 minutes on medium-low. No need to touch it during that time, so you can set the table, or make a veg, or mince a shallot for the pan sauce. Flip it skin-side up — the fat will be mostly rendered and the skin will be a beautiful, crisp golden-brown. Cook a minute or two on the flesh side till medium-rare. Make a quick pan sauce while the breasts rest for 10 minutes. Slice the breasts, sauce ‘em up and you’re in for a treat. Here’s an actual recipe.

Serve them with haricots verts — French string beans, and (if you’re feeling expansive) potatoes sautéed in duck fat, or (if you’re feeling decadent) Gratin Dauphinois.


Spring's dynamic duo — grilled butterflied leg of lamb and asparagus — make a marvelous (and portable!) feast

By Leslie Brenner

In my corner of planet earth, we’ve arrived at the point in spring when the evenings are starting to stay warm enough to kindle thoughts of grilling — of sharing a glass of rosé out on the patio with friends, of nibbling dips and chips and such and taking in the intoxicating aroma of something delectable cooking over the coals.

And so yesterday, with our patio not yet exactly fit for prime time, I proposed bringing a ready-to-go grilling party to friends who had just moved into a new house. A butterflied leg of lamb and asparagus would be the base offering, along with a bottle of French rosé. Not a hard sell — you should try it some time!

It was so easy to put together — and turned to to be so delicious — that it sparked an “aha” moment: Rosy slices of flavorful grilled lamb and tender spears of lightly charred asparagus love to be the life of the spring party. The combo isn’t only great for instigating BYO-main course dinner invitations; it’s also the delightfully low-stress solution for Easter dinner or lunch, breaking a Ramadan fast, or (in a matter of weeks) setting the table for Mother's Day.

Asparagus and spring onions, cooked on the grill

Prepping for the event is shockingly quick. Procure a boneless leg of lamb: The first one I saw was 2.8 pounds, large enough to serve 6. A smaller one would be sufficient for four. Grab some fresh herbs — our marinade recipe calls for mint and cilantro, but you could swap either for parsley, rosemary, thyme, oregano or marjoram, or use a combo. You probably have everything else (red wine vinegar, garlic, olive oil, salt and pepper) on hand. And grab a bunch or two of asparagus: a pound and a half is perfect for four, two pounds for six.

This time of year, you might also find spring onions — the ones that look like scallions, but with much bigger bulbs on the bottom. Yesterday I found both red and white ones. These are fantastic thrown on that grill as well — as are garlic scapes, if you’re lucky enough to find them.

Once you’re home with the booty, make a marinade: Chop the herbs, toss in a bowl with pressed garlic, vinegar, salt and pepper, whisk in olive oil. Unwrap the lamb, removing any strings holding it in shape, and flatten it as much as possible. If it doesn’t lay flat, feel free to slash with a knife here and there, keeping it all in one piece: You want a shape that will cook relatively evenly on the grill. Don’t worry, though, if it’s much thicker in places — it’ll still be great.

Place the lamb in a shallow bowl, coat it on both sides with the marinade and transfer it to a large zipper bag. (Alternatively, you can put the lamb in the bag, pour in the marinade, zip it up (pushing out the air first), then massage it a bit so it’s completely covered in marinade. Leave it like that for at least two hours (refrigerating for all but the last hour), and it’s ready to cook. Heat the grill, wipe off the marinade and cook on both sides — it’s quicker than you might think: 12 to 22 minutes total (depending on the heat of the grill) will get you lamb that’s medium-rare where thickest and medium where thinnest.

RECIPE: Grilled Butterflied Leg of Lamb

You should have enough room on the grill to throw on the asparagus — which needs nothing more than olive oil and salt before going on. (For my portable feast, I trimmed off their woody bottoms and placed them in a zipper bag with about two teaspoons of oil and about a quarter teaspoon of salt, zipped it up, rolled the spears around a bit to coat, and transported them just so.) Ditto the spring onions: Trim the tops, slice them in half, creating a flat surface on the bulbs, and give them the same oil-and-salt treatment. If you’re not transporting them, you can put the asparagus (and spring onions if using) on a sheet pan, drizzle with oil, sprinkle with salt, and let them sit till you’re ready to grill.

As for timing, you can grill the asparagus at the same time as the lamb, cooking till the spears are as tender as you like them (I like them tender, and take them off when they’re floppy with picked up with tongs). Spring onions or garlic scapes will be perfect once they’re a bit charred, and both are fine served room temp. Want them hot? Grill the veg once you’ve pulled off the lamb to rest 10 minutes.

Slice the lamb, arrange on a platter surrounded by the asparagus, pour any collected juices over the lamb, and your feast is ready.

And it’s delicious just like that. Want to make a few more things?

This Tangy Green Everything Sauce — packed with mint, parsley, dill and shallots — is pretty dreamy with the lamb.

And so is its oregano-forward cousin, chimichurri. Both can be made ahead, and they’re easy to transport in a jar.

Yesterday, prepping the lamb, asparagus and spring onions was so quick that I remembered some red potatoes I had in the pantry, I boiled them up and threw together a quick (and super portable!) French-accented potato salad. While the potatoes cooked, I whisked together red wine vinegar, a goodly dollop of whole-grain mustard, salt and olive oil, then added a spoonful of mayo, thinly sliced shallots, roughly chopped parsley and black pepper. When the potatoes were cooked, I sliced them in their jackets and tossed them with the sauce: delicious.

A bit more involved, our Best Potato Salad Ever is great with this, too. (Find more potato salad recipes here.) All potato salads are portable as can be — ideal for stress-free at-home entertaining, or we’ll-bring-it-all personal pop-up dinners.

For dessert, the arrival of strawberry season makes it easy to keep it simple: Stem the berries (halving or quartering if they’re large), sprinkle with a little sugar or toss in Grand Marnier or other orange liqueur, let macerate an hour or two and serve just like that. Or with ice cream.

Strawberry Pavlova

If it’s a fancier feast, you can make Strawberry Pavlovas: These are great for Easter, Mother’s Day or Passover celebrations (they’re flour-free!). Again, everything can be made ahead — just assemble them on the spot.

So that’s the blueprint: As simple or extended as you like.

Happy spring!



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Chef Daniel Boulud gives a humble French dish, hachis Parmentier, the royal treatment

By Leslie Brenner

The dish known as hachis Parmentier is decidedly not one of France’s sexier dishes. In fact, it’s not a sexy or aspirational dish at all. At least I didn’t think it was — until I heard of one I simply had to have.

Traditionally, hachis Parmentier was leftover pot roast chopped up (hâcher means to chop), covered with mashed potatoes and baked. Today, most French people know the dish as a layer of sautéed ground beef in a baking dish topped with mashed potatoes, then browned in the oven. The beef may have some chopped onion and carrot in it, but that’s as fancy as it usually gets. In other words, it’s more or less shepherd’s pie.

That’s why when I read that Daniel Boulud, New York City’s superstar French chef, has a thing for hachis Parmentier, I was dying to hear how he approaches it.

I had been researching the dish, looking for recipes from cookbook authors I admire, and found one in Dorie Greenspan’s excellent Around my French Table. Dorie’s headnote led with an anecdote. She and her husband were lucky enough, some years back, to have Boulud cook a meal for them. “It was luxurious,” she wrote:

“and at the end of it, after thanking Daniel endlessly, I asked him what he was going to have for dinner. ‘Hachis Parmentier,’ he said with the kind of anticipatory delight usually seen only in children who’ve been told they can have ice cream. We had just had lobster and truffles, but Daniel was about to have the French version of shepherd’s pie, and you could tell he was going to love it.”

I had to have it! I’d already scoured the four Daniel Boulud cookbooks on my shelves without turning up a recipe; next I searched online. Nada.

So I emailed him, asking the Lyon-born, world-renowned, double-Michelin-starred chef — who was recently named the best restaurateur on the planet — if he had a recipe he might share with Cooks Without Borders. Thrillingly, he did! (Thank you, Daniel! And thank you, Daniel’s wonderful team!)

Daniel Boulud’s recipe

Ground beef? Nah — Daniel’s recipe starts with cubes of boneless ribeye steak. Which you marinate in Burgundy wine. The meat gets seared, then diced onions, carrots and parsnips are sweated, and all of it gets simmered for hours with the Burgundy (which you reduce way down first), combined with veal stock flavored with a bouquet garni with herbs, garlic and peppercorns.

“Hachis parmentier is all about how you build your sauce and flavors,” Daniel had written in the headnote. “It is a baked dish that starts with humble ingredients and simple techniques. I love to expand my version with the deep and rich flavors of Boeuf Bourguignon under a layer of creamy mashed potatoes topped with nutty Gruyère cheese.”

Those mashed potatoes? They’re not just figuratively creamy; they’re enriched with lots of butter and cream.

“Nothing warms your soul like the anticipation of this casserole on a cold winter’s day,” Daniel added. You can say that again.

Unless you’re a lot wealthier than I am (ribeye is expensive!) you won’t be making this dish on a random Tuesday; it’s special enough for dinner party fare. I confess I did not open a bottle of Burgundy for the sauce (don’t tell Daniel!); I used a $14 French pinot noir instead. The pinot was decent enough that I bought a second bottle to drink with the finished hachis Parmentier.

Meltingly tender after its hours of marinating and slow braising, the ribeye had fabulous flavor — this was by far the most luxurious beef stew I’ve ever simmered. I didn’t have veal stock (unless you’re a chef, odds are you don’t either), so instead used Daniel’s recommended second choice: store-bought beef broth boosted with veal demi-glace. (D’Artagnan makes a good demi-glace that you can buy online or find in some higher-end supermarkets.) You need that boosting because the sauce has to be substantial enough that it holds the meat together under the potatoes and doesn’t run all over the plate when you serve it. The natural gelatin in demi-glace (and also in veal stock) adds the right body, as well as a lot of flavor.

Because the dish is so expensive (even with the pinot swapped for Burgundy, the ingredients totaled more than $60), I wondered how it would be with a less pricey cut of beef. So I made it again — substituting chuck for the ribeye.

It was good — and I do recommend that if you’re keeping to a budget. But it’s considerably less special than Daniel’s original.

Without further adieu, here is Chef Boulud’s recipe. After that, we’ll dive into some of hachis Parmentier’s finer points and history, so unless you want to geek out with me, you may now be excused from the table.

What sent me down the H.P. rabbit hole

The recipe that started me on the hachier Parmentier mission was one in World Food: Paris, published last year by James Oseland. The dish was delicious (I love the idea of adding umami and body to ground beef with oyster sauce), but the recipe had some small technical issues. It whetted my appetite for it, though, and piqued my curiosity about what the dish could be in its best expression.

Read “Cookbooks We Love: James Oseland’s new ‘World Food’ title celebrates the iconic dishes of Paris

Though I’m married to a Frenchman and have spent a lot of time in France over the decades, hachis Parmentier is not something I’d ever been served there — too homey, probably, to serve to a guest.

When we were in Bordeaux last summer, I picked up a copy of Le Grand Livre de La Cuisine Française: Recettes Bourgeoises & Populaire, by the renowned Paris chef Jean-François Piège. It’s a mammoth tome of nearly 1,100 pages, published just about a year ago. Basically it defines, catalogues and provides recipes for the French canon of standard dishes (in French only; it has not been translated). And yes — among its 1,000-plus recipes is one for hachis Parmentier. The beef cut: “3 grosses joues de boeuf” — three big beef cheeks. One is instructed to cook them for two and a half or three hours in red wine and veal stock till they’re “très fondantes” (very melty). Piège has you pull the braised beef cheeks apart with your fingers, then enrobe them in strained-and-seasoned braising liquid to which you add chopped parsley. Lay that in an oven-to-table baking dish, cover with brunoise (tiny dice) of onion, carrot and celery that’s been gently cooked in butter, top with potato purée, then with bread crumbs you’ve tossed with chopped garlic and grated comté cheese. Bake until the top has a “belle croûte dorée” — a beautiful golden crust. Et voilà.

Beef cheeks: Not the easiest cut for home cooks to find, and the recipe assumes much more cooking knowledge than most American home cooks will possess.

Wait, what about Dorie’s version?

So glad you asked! Dorie called for either cube steak or chuck in the version that follows the diverting headnote in Around My French Table. After simmering the meat, she chops it up — then adds pork sausage to the filling, which no doubt amps up the flavor and adds richness. Her hachis Parmentier looks very good; I look forward to trying it one day soon.

That’s about all I’ve got on the hachis. That leaves the Parmentier!

France’s permanent potato prince

Any French dish with “Parmentier” in its name necessarily involves potatoes. That’s because in the 18th century, Antoine Augustin Parmentier, a French agronomist and pharmacist, won a prize in 1773 offered by the Academy of Besançon for the discovery of plants that could be useful during times of famine, according to Larousse Gastronomique. Parmentier’s plant of choice: the potato.

Prior to that time, the French considered potatoes to be unwholesome and indigestible, suitable only for animal feed or to nourish poor people. Parmentier extolled potatoes’ nutritive virtues, and didn’t fail to let people know that they also taste really good. After winning the prize, Parmentier popularized the potato, publishing booklets about its uses and cultivation. He famously prepared a dinner for visiting statesman Benjamin Franklin starring a potato-centric menu, putting the potato permanently on France’s culinary map.

“For a time the potato itself was known as the parmentière in his honour,” Larousse recounts, “and he gave his name to various culinary preparations based on potatoes, especially hachis Parmentier — chopped beef covered with puréed potatoes and browned in the oven.”

And so we come full circle. The recipe that follows in Larousse goes roughly like this: “Dice or coarsely chop” boiled or braised beef. Cook lots of chopped onion in butter, sprinkle with a little flour, cook till lightly brown, add beef stock, cook down a bit, then add the chopped beef. Put the beef and onions in a gratin dish, cover with potato purée, top with breadcrumbs, moisten with melted butter and brown in the oven. “Although it is not traditional, a small cup of very reduced tomato sauce can be added to the chopped meat and a little grated cheese may be mixed with the breadcrumbs.”

I’ll be making Daniel’s recipe again before long, I suspect. I might even make veal stock to use as its foundation, should veal bones present themselves. Hard to imagine another version with such luxurious depth.

Maybe I’ll even spring for a bottle of Burgundy. No, not for the braising liquid, but to honor the finished — and fabulous — dish.

RECIPE: Daniel Boulud’s Hachis Parmentier


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